face recognition

% Network creation step of neurons and learning
%Num_Neuron_Hidden=20 ;% number of neurons in the hidden layer
%net=init(net); % Reintialisation weights and bias
%net = newff(P,T,Num_Neuron_Hidden,{},’traingd’);% Num_Neuron_Hidden=20
net = feedforwardnet(25);
net.trainparam.epochs=10000;% Maximum iteration
%net.trainParam.lr=0.001;
%net.trainParam.max_perf_inc=0.000001; %Maximum performance increase
%net.trainParam.min_grad=1e-9; %Minimum performance gradient
net.trainparam.goal=0.0001; % Error to respect
net=train(net,P,T); % Start learning
% End learning

~60%

Face Recognition using NN

Putting K1-4 and V1-4 (box only) as training data and K5 and V5 as testing data

It would learn successfully if it learns it nicely

Face extraction

Generally eye and nose can be identified correctly but it seems to be a bit difficult to recognise mouth.

Original image:

Too many “mouths” are identified even the pattern on the clothes.

Head-cropped image:

Still there are too many incorrect mouths are detected on the face

Head-cropped image(with grey scale):

No difference when the image is grey-scale.

Face-cropped image:

Mouth detection is improved but face detection went wrong

 Improved quantized head-cropped image:

Binarized improved head-cropped image:

Only face is able to be recognized.

Shape recognition (MLP)

Adding a pentagon p1-3 into the training data and p4 to be the testing data

And most of the time the neural network will be able to identify 4 shapes

cropped quantized blur image

Put cropped quantized blur image K1-4 and V1-4 into the database

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.3080e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.6181e+04.

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 5.5489e+03

The distance from Face Space is 8.4010e+03

K7:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 5.8456e+03

The distance from Face Space is 8.6654e+03

K8:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.0162e+04

The distance from Face Space is 7.0128e+03

V5:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.0708e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.2425e+04

V6:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.1395e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.2353e+04

V7:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.2915e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3246e+04

V8:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.0520e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3401e+04

cropped quantized gabor image

Put cropped quantized gabor image K1-4 and V1-4 into the database

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.3251e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.5250e+04

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.7954e+03

The distance from Face Space is 9.6707e+03

K7:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 4.0918e+03

The distance from Face Space is 9.9891e+03

K8:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 4.2576e+03

The distance from Face Space is 9.6539e+03

V5:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.0058e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3568e+04

V6:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 8.8338e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.5459e+04

V7:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 9.6513e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.3697e+04

V8:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 5.8110e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.8340e+04

Distance from Face Space is smaller but there is a slightly error firstly happen in the face recognition

Cropped quantized binarizied image

Put cropped quantized binarizied image K1-4 and V1-4 into the database

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.5326e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.4135e+04

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.3932e+04

The distance from Face Space is 3.9892e+04

K7:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.6146e+04

The distance from Face Space is 4.0177e+04

K8:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.6146e+04

The distance from Face Space is 4.0177e+04

V5:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 2.9540e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.4218e+04

V6:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 3.5323e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.9521e+04

V7:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 3.5536e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.8937e+04

V8:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 2.8393e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.8851e+04

Result is worsen when the image is binarizied 

Cropped quantized image

Put cropped quantized image K1-4 and V1-4 into the database

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 8.9954e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.6963e+04

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 6.4824e+03

The distance from Face Space is 9.2673e+03

K7:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 7.1385e+03

The distance from Face Space is 9.5618e+03

K8:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.1030e+04

The distance from Face Space is 8.2181e+03

V5:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.4722e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3229e+04

V6:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.5407e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3004e+04

V7:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.6933e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3963e+04

V8:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.4567e+04

The distance from Face Space is 1.3984e+04

Angelina Jolie:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.7992e+04

The distance from Face Space is 6.2368e+04

Daniel:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 5.2660e+03

The distance from Face Space is 4.0036e+04

Emma:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 8.6878e+03

The distance from Face Space is 4.8671e+04

Rihanna:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.4793e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.3269e+04

Sunset:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.5427e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.0384e+04

Wall:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 8.7240e+03

The distance from Face Space is 2.8686e+04

Distance from face space is lower when the image is cropped.

Quantized face image

Put Quantized image k1-3 into database

K4:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 8.5376e+03

The distance from Face Space is 3.5367e+04

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 723.0722

The distance from Face Space is 4.4369e+04

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 367.1292

The distance from Face Space is 5.0511e+04

Angelina Jolie:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.7826e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.0377e+05

V1:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 4.5324e+03

The distance from Face Space is 5.4952e+04

V2:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.9223e+03

The distance from Face Space is 5.5210e+04

V3:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 4.5775e+03

The distance from Face Space is 5.6665e+04

Put Quantized image k1-3 and V1-3 into database

K4:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.5946e+04

The distance from Face Space is 3.4547e+04

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 1.7071e+04

The distance from Face Space is 4.1237e+04

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 2.3233e+04

The distance from Face Space is 4.5922e+04

V4:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 7.1595e+03

The distance from Face Space is 2.2549e+04

V5:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 4.6862e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.8208e+04

V6:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 7.2160e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.9150e+04

Angelina Jolie:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 2.6368e+04

The distance from Face Space is 9.7914e+04

Sunset:

Error using –
Matrix dimensions must agree.

Error in facerec (line 230)

*Matrix multiplication requires the number of columns in the first matrix to equal the number of rows in the second.

Therefore the threshold for K group of image is around 3e+04 to 4e+04 and for V is around 1e+04 to 2e+04.

Although Angelina Jolie is classified as group V but the distance from face space is too high (9.7914e+04) compare with the other matched image data (1e+04 to 2e+04), it is classified as an unknown face but similar to group V.

Face Recognition (without image border)

Put K1-4 and V1-4 into the database

K5:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 2.6624e+04

The distance from Face Space is 3.5547e+04

K6:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.3199e+04

The distance from Face Space is 4.0072e+04

K7:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.3403e+04

The distance from Face Space is 4.1105e+04

K8:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 3.2373e+04

The distance from Face Space is 3.8482e+04

V5:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 2.2086e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.4671e+04

V6:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 6.1145e+03

The distance from Face Space is 1.6848e+04

V7:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 6.9064e+03

The distance from Face Space is 2.1447e+04

V8:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 985.3006

The distance from Face Space is 1.1851e+04

Wall:

The nearest class is number 1

with a distance equal to 2.4917e+04

The distance from Face Space is 5.1738e+04

Sunset:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 6.7423e+03

The distance from Face Space is 6.3302e+04

Angelina Jolie:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 2.5813e+04

The distance from Face Space is 9.6881e+04

Emma Watson:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.1359e+04

The distance from Face Space is 8.8046e+04

Rihanna:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.2748e+04

The distance from Face Space is 7.3516e+04

Daniel:

The nearest class is number 2

with a distance equal to 1.3620e+04

The distance from Face Space is 6.9321e+04